Question

Given is a jumbled list of the parts of a certain body structure-loop of Henle, Bowman’s capsule, convoluted tubule, glomerulus, proximal convoluted tubule.
a)Name the structure to which the listed parts belong.
b)Rearrange the parts in their proper sequence from the starting point to where they end.

Answer 1

Hint: The given parts belong to the kidney. Kidneys are bean shaped organs which are located behind the abdomen and function to filter the blood to create urine.

Complete answer:
Kidneys are made up of nephrons which are known as the structural and functional unit of kidney. The kidney consists of two parts- renal cortex and renal medulla. The filtering of the blood takes place in the renal corpuscle that is located in the cortex. Blood enters through the afferent arteriole into the glomerulus which is surrounded by a cup shaped structure known as the Bowman’s capsule.

Glomerulus comprises glomerular capillaries where large proteins and cells are retained and small molecules from the blood form ultrafiltrate, the filtered blood leaves the kidney through the efferent arteriole and ultrafiltrate enters into the following parts. Next is the proximal convoluted tubule where glucose, amino acids, bicarbonate and water is reabsorbed. This is followed by a loop of Henle which majorly absorbs water from the ultrafiltrate. Next is the distal convoluted tubule where sodium and chloride ions are reabsorbed. Finally the filtrate enters the collecting tubule where it forms urine that then moves to the renal pelvis and ureters.
Proper sequence of the parts are- glomerulus, Bowman’s capsule, proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, convoluted tubule.

Note: Kidneys are essential organs that not only help in filtering the blood but also help in the secretion of important hormones such as renin, calcitriol and erythropoietin. Kidneys also help to regulate blood pressure, regulate osmolarity as well as maintain acid base balance in the system.