Question

Explain the factors responsible for the depletion of water table:

Answer 1

Hint:- Water table is the upper surface of the zone of saturation. And the zone of saturation is where the pores and fractures of the ground are saturated with water or in other words the water table is the surface where the water pressure head is equal to the atmospheric pressure.

Complete answer:
Now there can be many factors responsible for the depletion of the water table. So, some of the most important factors are stated below.
1. Increasing the population :- As we know that the population is increasing day by day. So, all the facilities such as houses, roads, shops etc and this leads to the increase of water demand which in result decreases the open area for seepage of water into the ground.
2. Lack of conserving technology :- Now this is also a major factor because as we know that the main source of the water on the earth and for underground water is rain. And due to the lack of knowledge and technologies we did not conserve that.
3. Agricultural activities :- Now we know that India depends on agriculture and water is the most important requirement for doing agriculture and nowadays agriculture lands are increasing day by day and there are many places in India where there is lack of rainfall. So, the major source of water for agriculture is ground which leads to a decrease in water table.
4. Increasing industries :- Most of the manufacturing industries require water and as the population is increasing, industries are also increasing and to fulfil the water requirement of industries water table is decreasing day by day.

Note:- We should understand that the depletion of the water table is a major problem because it will be the necessary requirement for the next era also. And if it is depleted today then life would not be possible on earth. And the main cause of depletion of water table is the population because increase in population also increases all other requirements which consume large amounts of groundwater. But the level of the water table in the villages is still above the level of the water table in cities.