Question

Explain the composition of the International Court of Justice.

Answer 1

Hint:
The International Court of Justice is additionally called the World Court.
It is one among the six principal institutions of the United Nation.
The International Court of Justice is the successor of the Permanent Court of International Justice.

Complete answer:
The International Court of Justice was established in 1945. The headquarters of ICJ is in Hague, Netherlands. The main obligation of the International Court of Justice is to settle disputes of international level according to international law and give advisory opinions on international legal issues. The ICJ is the sole international court that is responsible for adjudicating the general disputes between different countries, with its rulings and opinions serving as primary sources of international law. The main features of the constitution of the International court of Justice are as follows:-

a) The ICJ consists of a panel which includes 15 Judges.
b) The above judges are appointed for a nine years term.
c) These judges are selected by the General assembly and Security Council.
d) Not more than one judge of the same nationality can serve at the same time.
e) The judge is selected based on voting of the members of the General assembly and Security Council.
f) The candidate to be selected as the Judge should get majority votes from both the bodies. If any tie occurs then no. of voting rounds is held.
g) The candidate selected as Judge after the expiry of his term is again eligible for election.
h) If the judge expires or gives resignation a special election is done to appoint a new candidate as judge to serve for the remaining portion of the previous one.
i) The candidate which is selected as Judge should be of moral character and should possess qualification which is required in their respective countries to get the highest judicial posts.

Note:
The Permanent Court of Justice was established in the year 1920 by the League of Nations.
It was dissolved in 1946 after the establishment of the International Court of Justice.
The first case of the International Court was on 22nd May in the year 1947.