Question

Explain different types of placentation in detail.

Answer 1

Hint: Placentation refers to how the ovules and developing seeds are fixed to the plant's ovary. Every single developing seed will fix with the ovary wall or a central structure in the ovary. A filament of plant tissue is defined as the funiculus that attaches the seed to the ovary wall.

Complete step-by-step answer:
Placentation indicates the structure, kind, formation and or arrangement of placentas. The area of the ovary wall in which the ovules are connected in a flower is known as the placenta. Several kinds of placentations found in flowering plants are

Marginal placentation: The placenta creates a ridge along through the ventral suture of the ovary, ovules are borne on the ridge to form two rows. Example: Pea

Axile placentation: The placenta is axial, and ovules are connected to it in a multilocular ovary. Example: Lemon

Parietal placentation: Ovules evolve on the peripheral or on the inner wall of the ovary. It is single-chambered, but because of the development of a false septum, it turns into two-chambered. Example: Mustard

Basal placentation: The placenta evolves at the base of the ovary in which a single ovule is connected to it. Example: Marigold

Free central placentation:On the middle axis ovules are borne and septa are not present. Example: Primrose

Image: Types of placentation

Note: Placentation is the layout of ovules in the ovary of a plant. The function of placentation is to transmit respiratory gases, nutrients, and water from maternal tissue to a growing embryo, and in certain cases to eliminate waste from the embryo.