Question

‘EcoSan’ toilets, being used in Kerela and Srilanka are a hygienic and cost-effective solution to human waste disposal. Mark the correct statement regarding EcoSan.
(A) Recycled human waste from this can be used as a natural fertilizer.
(B) They are called compositing toilets
(C) They do not depend on water for the disposal of excreta
(D) All of the above

Answer 1

Hint: EcoSan toilets are the practical and environmental way of waste disposal. Human excretory waste contributes to a large amount of total waste production, and their disposal is a difficult task, so EcoSan toilets are an effective way to protect our environment.
Step by step solution:
There is no need to flush or treat sewage, Ecosan conserves water and power. By destroying the pathogen in the faeces, Ecosan reduces the possibility of contaminating soil or water with pathogens. Ecosan compost increases soil fertility, reducing our reliance on synthetic fertilisers. Because there is no need to flush or treat sewage, Ecosan conserves water and power. By destroying the pathogen in the faeces, Ecosan reduces the possibility of contaminating soil or water with pathogens. Ecosan compost increases soil fertility, reducing our reliance on synthetic fertilisers.
Two toilet pans on an Ecosan toilet open into separate concrete chambers underneath where waste is kept. One needs to close the lid after defecating and sprinkle some ash. Flushing is not necessary. No water enters the excreta chamber because there are separate outputs for washing and urination.
It makes use of quick aerobic (oxygen-using) composting, where bacteria that flourish in hot environments oxidise (break down) the waste into its constituent parts, some of which are consumed in the process, lowering the volume and getting rid of hazardous microorganisms.
Therefore, option (D) is correct.
Note: An EcoSan toilet's pit is sealed and closed when it overflows. The faeces can be employed on farms after eight to nine months when they have fully decomposed into organic manure. Users can switch to using the second pit once the first one is closed.