Question

During the formation of hydronium ions, water molecules act as a donor.
A. True
B. False

Answer 1

Hint: \[{{\text{H}}_{2}}\text{O}\] are a molecular formula of water which when brakes give hydrogen ions and hydroxide ions. Also, acidic molecules can give hydrogen ions whereas basic molecules can give hydroxide ions in water.

Complete step by step solution:
- In the given question, we have to determine whether the given statement is true or false.
- As we know that donors are those species which can donate the lone pair of electrons.
- Whereas acceptor is those species which have a vacant orbital to accept the lone pair of electrons.
- Now, in a water molecule, two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom bond together due to which the lone pair is present on the oxygen atom which can be donated to the lone pair acceptor.
- So, we know that those molecules which are acidic will release hydrogen ions when dissolved in the water.
- Hence, this hydrogen ion when comes in contact with the water molecule it forms hydronium ion by accepting the lone pair of an electron which is present on the oxygen molecule.
- So, we can say that here water molecules will behave as a donor.
- The reaction will be:
${{\text{H}}^{+}}\text{ + }{{\text{H}}_{2}}\text{O }\to \text{ }{{\text{H}}_{3}}{{\text{O}}^{+}}$
- Due to the formation of hydronium ions it is difficult to find the hydrogen ion water.

Therefore, the given statement is true.

Note: Both water molecules and hydrogen ions are polar so the attraction between them is strong. The concentration of hydronium ion decides the pH of the water because the more the concentration of hydronium ion, the more the solution becomes acidic.