Question

How does Malonate affect cellular respiration?

Answer 1

Hint: Cellular respiration is the process by which the life sustaining activities are being discarded. The combining of oxygen with food molecules to divert the chemical energy into the physiological activities of the body. It is also called cell respiration tissue. Cellular respiration happens in plant tissues- involving steps like-glycolysis, link reaction, Krebs cycle and electron transport chain.

Complete answer:
Cellular respiration breaks down glucose to produce ATP. The stages of cellular respiration in both autotrophic and heterotrophic organisms are available from the conversion of adenosine diphosphate (ADP) to adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
The chemical malonate is the inhibitor for the enzyme named succinate dehydrogenase, malonate is the binding site of the enzyme without reaction and inhibits the action of the enzyme. It decreases cellular activity.
Malonate is a competitive inhibitor of the enzyme succinate dehydrogenase: it binds to the active site of the enzyme without reacting, and so competes with succinate, the substrate of the enzyme.
Thus chemical malonate decreases cellular respiration.
Malonates in the mitochondria depletes the cytochrome C and glutathione. Malonate is the three-carbon dicarboxylic acid. It is present in biological systems like-legumes and developing rat brains. Apart from decreasing cellular activity, it has a role in symbiotic nitrogen metabolism and brain development.
Malonate induces cell death and affects the respiration in cells. It blocks the active site of the enzymes by which they cannot bind with other complexes and hence break away and perform individual enzymes again.

${C_6}{H_{12}}{O_6} + 6{O_2} \to 6C{O_2} + 6{H_2}O$

Note:
Cellular respiration occurs in cytosol and mitochondria. This action of malonate from the cellular level did not meet the demands of plant health and slowly the plant died. Biological fuels are processed enough to convert the chemical energy from oxygen molecules to ATP. They help to release metabolic products and in nutrient cycling too.