Question

DNA multiplication is called as
A. Translation
B. Replication
C. Transduction
D. Transcription

Answer 1

Hint: DNA multiplication is the process of making identical, duplicate copies of DNA. A new strand of DNA can only be synthesized from another existing DNA molecule. During DNA multiplication both the strands of the DNA act as the template strand for copying.

Complete answer: Let us look at all the options that are given to us one by one.
-Translation: It is the process of the formation of the amino acids from the RNA. In other words, translation is the polymerization of the amino acids to form a polypeptide chain. The sequence and the order of the amino acids are determined by the sequence of the bases that are present in the messenger of the mRNA.
-Replication: Replication is the process of the formation of a new strand of DNA from an old one that is known as the parental or the template DNA. Every new DNA molecule that is formed has a new and an old strand of the DNA. Thus, during DNA replication, entirely new DNA copies are not generated.
-Transduction: Transduction is the transfer of the genetic material from one bacterium to another with the help of a virus known as the bacteriophage. Transduction was first observed in the Salmonella bacteria, which is responsible for causing typhoid.
-Transcription: Transcription is the process of the formation of a new strand of RNA from an old strand of DNA that is known as the parental or the template DNA. During transcription, the genetic information is copied from DNA to RNA.
Thus, based on the above information we can conclude that DNA multiplication is called Replication.
Hence, the correct answer is option (B).

Note: The difference between replication and transcription is that during replication the whole of the DNA gets copied or replicated whereas, during transcription only a segment of the DNA is replicated. Also, during replication, both the strands of the DNA act as a template whereas, in transcription only one strand is the template strand.