Question

Discuss the role of any two factors influencing population change.

Answer 1

Hint: Population change is defined as the change in the number of people in an area during a specific period of time. There is a population growth of 1.1% per year globally. Majorly there are three factors that affect the population and those are birth rate, death rate and migration.

Complete answer: The total change in the population can be calculated by Birth rate minus death rate plus or minus net migration. The two most influencing factors in the changing of population are birth rate and migration.
The death rate has gradually decreased over time as the world is progressing and new technologies and medicines are developed which have helped people live longer.
The birth rate is the ratio of live births per thousand persons in a year. The death rate is the ratio of deaths per thousand persons in a year. Migration is referred to as the movement of people from one place to another. The reason for this can be the intention of settling, temporarily or permanently at a new location. Migration can be internal or external. Internal migration is when an individual, family, or a group of people move within the country, this type of migration doesn’t affect the population of a country but might change the population of the area they migrate to. There is a ‘natural increase’ in population when the difference between live births and deaths is more. There is also an increase in the population when the ‘net migration’ is more i.e. when more people are moving in a country than the number of people that are moving out. Migration plays a very important role in changing the composition of the population in a country.

Note: The increase in world population between 1990 and 2010 was 30%. The highest increase was in India and China. The major component of growth for these countries was the increase in birth rate being more than the death rate.