Question

Differentiate between Natural and Artificial Systems of classification?

Answer 1

Hint: The natural system of classification of plants was Given by Bentham and Hooker. Carolus Linnaeus proposed the artificial system of classification. Artificial system of classification which is mainly based on the morphological characters, non-evolutionary features. In the natural system of classification, it avoids the grouping of heterogeneous and unrelated groups of organisms.

Complete answer:
An artificial system of classification is based upon one or a few easily observable characteristics and is devised and used for a limited purpose where convenience and speed are important. It conveys little information. On the other hand, the natural system of classification is based on a large number of characters. This increases the amount of information available from the groupings.

Additional Information:

Natural system	Artificial system
-It is based on a large number of characters.	-It is based on only one or a few characters.
-The characters are stable.	-The characters are liable to change with change in the environment.
-It avoids analogy.	-It accepts an analogy for grouping.
-It is based on Morphology, anatomy, Cytology, embryology, molecular biology and genetics.	-It is based on morphological or reproductive traits. Other traits are not used.
-The natural system brings out homology.	-The artificial system does not study homology.
-It explains natural and some phylogenetic relationships.	-It does not give any idea about natural and phylogenetic relationships.

Note: Carolus Linnaeus is called the father of taxonomy. The method of arranging organisms into groups or sets based on similarities and differences is called classification.
-The natural system of classification is a biological classification based upon morphological and anatomical relationships and affinities. Artificial systems of classification were based on morphological characters such as habit, habitat, colour, number and shape of leaves. They were mainly based on vegetative characters or on the androecium structure.