Question

What Did Conservatives Focus on at the Congress of Vienna? Select the Appropriate Option.
A) To Re-Establish Peace and Stability in Europe
B) To Establish Socialism in Europe
C) To Introduce Democracy in France
D) To Set Up a New Parliament in Austria

Answer 1

Hint: After the Napoleonic Wars, the Congress of Vienna restructured Europe in 1814–15. It began in September 1814, five months after Napoleon I's initial abdication, and ended in June 1815, just before the Battle of Waterloo and Napoleon's final defeat. The agreement was the most comprehensive treaty ever seen in Europe.

Complete answer:
The conservatives' purpose during the summit, chaired by Austrian Prince Klemens von Metternich, was to re-establish European peace, according to reports. Metternich and the other four states attempted to do this by reviving historic ruling families and establishing buffer zones between great powers.

Following Napoleon's defeat in 1815, European nations adopted a conservative mindset. Traditional state and society institutions, such as the monarchy, the Church, social hierarchies, property, and the family, were seen as important by conservatives. Most conservatives, on the other hand, did not advocate a return to pre-revolutionary society.

Rather, they realised, as a result of Napoleon's reforms, that modernization might actually support old institutions such as the monarchy. It has the potential to increase the effectiveness and strength of state power. The end of feudalism and serfdom, as well as a modern army, an efficient bureaucracy, and a dynamic economy, may strengthen Europe's authoritarian monarchy.

Representatives of the European powers that had defeated Napoleon were collectively assembled in Vienna in 1815 to draught a settlement for Europe. The Austrian Chancellor, Duke Metternich, hosted the Congress. The Treaty of Vienna of 1815 was drafted with the goal of erasing most of the changes that had occurred in Europe during the Napoleonic Wars. The Bourbon monarchy was restored to power after being toppled during the French Revolution, and France lost the countries it had annexed under Napoleon. To prevent further French expansion, a number of states were established along the country's borders.

Therefore the correct answer is option ‘A’.

Note: With the Treaty of Chaumont, signed on March 9, 1814, a month before Napoleon's first abdication, Austria, Prussia, Russia, and the United Kingdom, the four states most essential in Napoleon's overthrow, had formed a special alliance.