Question

Conversion of sugar into alcohol during fermentation is due to the direct action of
(a) Temperature
(b) Concentration of sugar
(c)Zymase
(d) micro-organisms

Answer 1

Hint: This is a catalyst found in the yeast and also in a few microorganisms. It catalyzes the fermentation of sugar into ethanol and carbon dioxide. They are highly used in food, agriculture, cosmetics, and pharmaceutical companies.

Complete answer:
Conversion of sugar into alcohol during fermentation is due to the direct action of zymase. Zymase is the protein that changes the basic sugars, dextrose, and fructose into carbon dioxide gas and liquor at 37 0C, and a few esters bring about creating the interesting fragrance, flavor, and taste of bread. This entire process of conversion is known as ethanol or alcoholic fermentation. A biological process in which sugars such as glucose, fructose, and sucrose get converted into cellular energy, producing ethanol and carbon dioxide as their by-products are ethanol or alcoholic fermentation.

Additional Information: -Conversion of sugar to alcohol directly was found in yeast fermentation in which glucose was converted to ethyl alcohol and $CO_2$. This conversion happens in the presence of an enzyme zymase that is found naturally in yeast.
-Zymase is a chemical complex that catalyzes the aging of sugar into ethanol and carbon dioxide. It happens normally in yeasts.
-Zymase is likewise the brand name of the medication pancrelipase.
So, the correct answer is, 'Zymase'.

Note: -Fermentation is a metabolic process that produces chemical changes in organic substrates through the action of enzymes. It is narrowly defined in biochemistry, as the extraction of energy from the carbohydrates in the absence of oxygen.
-When compared directly to gasoline, ethanol reduces greenhouse gas emissions by ${ 40 }$% to ${ 50 }$%.
-Baker's yeast is the common name for the strains of yeast commonly used in baking bread and bakery products, it causes the bread to rise by converting the fermentable sugars present in the dough into carbon dioxide and ethanol.