Question

Chemical bond formation takes place when:
A. Energy is absorbed
B. Force of attraction overcomes the force of repulsion
C. Forces of repulsion overcomes the force of attraction
D. Force of attraction are equal to the force of repulsion

Answer 1

Hint: Chemical bonds are the connections between atoms in a molecule. It holds molecules together and creates temporary connections. It is one of the most basic fundamentals of chemistry. We can consider two most extreme cases of bonding that are Covalent bond & ionic bond

Complete Step by step answer: Chemical bond formation is an exothermic process in which energy is not absorbed but released so option (A) is incorrect.
Now let’s understand step by step the process of bond formation. We know that for the formation of chemical bonds there is a need for a minimum of two chemical species. Initially they are at infinite distance and do not experience any attractive or repulsive force.
When they start moving towards each other, two types of forces attraction and repulsion comes into play. The attractive forces act between the nucleus of an atom and its own electron as well as on electrons of another atom while the repulsive forces act between the electrons of both spices.
The bond formation occurs where Force of attraction are equal to the force of repulsion

Hence, option (D) is the correct choice.

Note: Students may be confused when deciding bond formation is exothermic or endothermic. Bond formation is always an exothermic process. Release in energy gives stability to the formed compound.Bond formed by sharing one or more pairs of electrons is called covalent bond. Ionic bonds are formed by complete transfer of electrons.