Question

Bessemerisation is carried out for?
(A) Fe, Cu
(B) Cu, Al
(C) Al, Ag
(D) Fe, Al

Answer 1

Hint: It is carried out for metals that belong to the first transition series. One of them is a soft, malleable, and ductile metal with very high thermal and electrical conductivity.

Complete step by step answer:
Let us first understand the process of bessemerisation in order to find which metals can be obtained by this process.
- In this process, Copper metal is extracted from molten matte through bessemerisation process. The matte is introduced into the Bessemer converter which is upheld by tuyers.
- Molten matte of copper is a mixture of copper sulphide and a little amount of iron sulphide.
- Then the air is allowed to pass through the molten matte. Blast of air converts $C{u_2}S$ partially into $C{u_2}O$ which reacts with remaining $C{u_2}S$ to give molten copper.
\[2C{u_2}S + 3{O_2} \to 2C{u_2}O + 2S{O_2}\]
- The copper which is obtained is called "Blister copper" because, as it solidifies, $S{O_2}$ which is hidden in it escapes out producing blisters on its surface.
\[2C{u_2}O + C{u_2}S \to 6Cu + S{O_2}\]
- Generally in simple words the basic principle is removal of impurities from the iron by oxidation with air being blown through the molten iron. Remember that oxidation also raises the temperature of the iron mass and keeps it molten state for the required amount of time during the reaction.
- This process is also used to convert pure iron to steel.
- Therefore, Bessemerisation is carried out for Fe, Cu.

- Hence, option A is the required answer.

Note: As you know, iron ore, cooking oil and limestone are added into the top of the blast furnace after which the combustion process takes place. The combustion of iron ore with other materials in the blast furnace produces nothing but molten pig iron, which is then converted to steel.