Question

What are the unique properties of water?

Answer 1

Hint: To state the unique properties of water, one must be familiar with the polarity of the water, atoms involved in bonding, the type of bond that exists between the atoms of water and other unique physical and chemical properties.

Complete answer:
The properties of water can be broadly divided into physical and chemical properties. There are certain properties exhibited by water molecules which makes it unique from other molecules. These include:
As we all know that water can exist in all three states which are solid, liquid and gas. Apart from that, usually in solid state the particles of matter are more closely packed together than the liquid state so when we put solid into its corresponding liquid state it will sink, but for water the solid state is less dense than its liquid state, so it floats. A phenomenon not seen in solidification of other liquids.
Water molecule is polar in nature due to the presence of positive charge on $$hydrogen$$ and partial negative charge on $$oxygen$$. Due to this polarity, it causes the water molecules to be drawn to one other.
Water has cohesion properties. This means that the water molecules are naturally attracted to each other. As stated above, due to opposite charges of atoms of water they attract each other and a water molecule is bonded to other water molecules due to weak hydrogen bonding.
Other properties include high heat of evaporation and high specific heat capacity. It is considered to be a universal solvent as it dissolves a number of substances.

Note:
Since water absorbs a large amount of heat, it allows large bodies of water to moderate the temperature on earth. It also has a high melting and boiling point when compared to other similar molecules.