Question

What are the component elements of sodium chloride?

Answer 1

Hint :We know that sodium chloride, commonly known as table salt or common salt. It is a metal halide composed of sodium and chloride with the formula of $ NaCl $ and appears to be white crystalline solid or crystalline powder. It is responsible for the salinity of seawater and extracellular fluids of many multicellular organisms. It is also used in many industrial processes and also as condiments and preservatives.

Complete Step By Step Answer:
Here the components of sodium chloride are Sodium $ (Na) $ and Chloride $ (Cl) $ ions in the ratio $ 1:1 $ , which are held together by ionic bonds. Sodium is an alkali metal and tends to lose electron to form sodium positive ion $ (N{{a}^{+}}) $ , whereas Chlorine is non-metal and it gains electron to form Chloride negative ions $ (C{{l}^{-1}}) $ . These oppositely charged ions $ (N{{a}^{+}}\text{ and }C{{l}^{-}}) $ attract each other to form ionic bonds resulting in the formation of salt and crystal shape.
With respectively, sodium chloride has a boiling point of, melting point of and solubility of.
In, each ion is surrounded by six other ions which are oppositely charged; these ions are located at the vertices of a regular octahedron. Since the chloride ions are larger, in close-packing, they are arranged in cubic array and the sodium ions fill the cubic gaps between them, because they are smaller in size. This structure can be represented as face-centered cubic lattice with two-atom basis. The attraction between is very strong and Can only be dissolved in highly polar solvent like water. The framework of sodium chloride disintegrates when dissolved in water as ions are surrounded by water molecules which is polar. has a negligible effect on the system because the of sodium chloride remains due to the weak basicity of the ions.
 $ N{{a}^{+}}{{[\underset{..}{\overset{..}{\mathop{:Cl:}}}\,]}^{-}} $

Note :
Remember that sodium chloride is applicable in a wide variety ways. Some of the uses are: de-icing of roadways in sub-freezing weather, used in chemical production, soda-ash industry, softening of water, used in food and agriculture industry, medicine and optical usage etc.