Question

What are the applications of Valence Bond theory?

Answer 1

Hint: As we know that Valence Bond theory defines the covalent bond formation as well as the electronic structure of a variety of molecules. This theory assumes that electrons do occupy atomic orbitals of individual atoms in a molecule and the electrons of one atom are attracted towards the nucleus of another atom in the same molecule. So here we have to tell the applications of Valence Bond theory.

Complete answer:
Let us discuss about Valence Bond theory followed by its applications as follows:-
Valence Bond theory: This theory defines the covalent bond formation as well as the electronic structure of a variety of molecules. It assumes that electrons do occupy atomic orbitals of individual atoms in a molecule and the electrons of one atom are attracted towards the nucleus of another atom in the same molecule.
-The attraction increases when the atoms approach one another until they reach a minimum distance where the electron density just begins to cause repulsion between them. This electron density between the two atoms can be considered to be the force that holds the two atoms together in a chemical bond.
-The applications of Valence Bond theory are as follows:-
An important asset of this theory is the condition of maximum overlap that leads to the formation of the possible bonds and hence it is used to explain the covalent bond formation in various molecules.
a) Like in the case of ${{F}_{2}}$ molecule, the bond between two fluorine atoms is formed by the overlap of ${{p}_{z}}$orbitals of the two F atoms where each orbital contains an unpaired electron. Since the nature of the overlapping orbitals are different in different molecules, so is the bond strength and bond lengths differ as well.
b) In case of HF molecule, the covalent bond is formed by the overlapping of 1s orbital of hydrogen atom and the $2{{p}_{z}}$orbital of fluorine atom where each orbital contain an unpaired electron. The mutual sharing of electrons between hydrogen and fluorine atoms results in covalent bonds in HF molecules.

Note:
-Remember that Valence bond theory tells us about how the formation of compounds takes place and how many bonds will be made between two atoms.
-Also it tells us about what kind of bond will be made in a molecule and what its properties are.