Question

What are the 5 patterns of inheritance?

Answer 1

Hint: Inheritance also known as heredity or biological inheritance is the process of passing of biological traits from parents to offspring. It can occur either through asexual or sexual reproduction. The offspring cells acquire their trait from the parent cells.

Complete answer:
The process of passing of biological traits from parents to offspring is called as inheritance also known as heredity or biological inheritance. It can occur either through asexual or sexual reproduction. The offspring cells acquire their trait from the parent cells.

For example eye color is a classical example of inherited characteristics. They are controlled by the genes and the complete set of genes in an organism is known as the genotype. The complete set of observable traits in an organism is known as a phenotype. Genetic variation in a species is caused due to heredity which causes the species to evolve by the process of natural selection. Genetics is the branch of biology to study heredity and variation.

The nucleic acid sequence in the DNA carries all the genetic information which is passed from one to another generation. A single functional unit of DNA is called a gene.
The 5 patterns of inheritance are:
1. Autosomal dominant: it occurs in each generation.
2. Autosomal recessive: they are not common in each generation,
3. X linked dominant: females are more frequently affected,
4. X linked recessive: males are more frequently affected and,
5. Mitochondrial inheritance: can affect both male and females but are only passed through females.

Note:
DNA is the medium through which the genetic traits are passed from one generation to another. The above mentioned are patterns of inheritance through which the biological traits can pass from generation to generation.