Question

What is a prerequisite for self pollination?
A. Chasmogamy
B. Homogamy
C. Absence of pollenkitt
D. Absence of nectar

Answer 1

Hint: Self pollination is called when pollination occurs in the same flower of the plant, questioning itself giving a clue i.e. homo means the same. Animals such as insects, birds, and bats, as well as water, wind, and even plants themselves, when self-pollination happens within a closed bloom, are pollinating agents.

Complete answer:
Pollination is the process of pollen grains being transferred from stamens, the floral components that produce them, to the ovule-bearing organs or the ovules (seed precursors).
Pollen is simply trapped in a drop of fluid generated by the ovule in plants like conifers and cycads, where the ovules are visible. The ovules in flowering plants, on the other hand, are held within a hollow organ called the pistil, and pollen is deposited on the stigma, the pistil's receptive surface.
The pollen germinates there, forming a pollen tube that extends down through the pistil toward one of the ovules at the base. One of the two sperm cells within the pollen tube unites with the ovule's egg cell in a process known as double fertilisation.The other cell joins with the two subsidiary sexual nuclei of the ovule, initiating the production of a reserve food tissue, the endosperm. The developing ovule then matures into a seed. Pollination is required for the production of fruit and seed crops, and it also plays a vital role in plant breeding projects.
Chasmogamous:- when chasmogamous flowers attain maturity, they unfold and release their stamens or styles for pollination. Despite the fact that some plant species have self-fertilizing chasmogamous flowers, most chasmogamous flowers are pollinated by biotic (insects) or abiotic (wind) agents. Chasmogamous flowers that are cross-pollinated have the advantage of sexual reproduction between two different parents, resulting in sexual recombination and genetically distinct seeds. These distinct seeds increase genetic diversity of the plant population and reduce inbreeding depression and deleterious alleles. Seeds produced by chasmogamous flowers that are cross-pollinated, may also exhibit hybrid vigor (heterosis) and increased fitness.Flowers of Viola pubescens that are both chasmogamous and cleistogamous.
Homogamy :-The condition in a flowering Plant species of having only one type of flower – one which produces both male and female parts in the same flower. The condition in a flowering Plant species where both the male and female parts of the flower mature at the same time, so that the individual flower can pollinate itself.
Heterogamy:-The presence of two or more types of blooms in a flowering plant species. Flowers with only male parts, for example, as well as flowers with only female parts.

So, option B is the correct answer i.e. homogamy.

Note:-
Cross pollination plays a crucial role because due to cross pollination there is genetic variability. According to the changing environment everything needs to change to suit the environment, the same thing is done by plants.