Question

A horizontal underground stem is a________.

Answer 1

Hint: Avascular plant's stem is one of two main structural axes, the other being the root. It provides support for leaves, flowers, and fruits, transports water and dissolved substances between roots and shoots in the xylem and phloem, stores nutrients, and generates new living tissue.

Complete answer:
Underground stems are plants that have been modified to derive from stem tissue but exist beneath the soil surface. They serve as food and nutrient storage tissues, as well as new clone propagation and perennation (survival from one growing season to the next). Bulbs, corms, rhizomes, stolons, spindle-shaped[citation needed], and tubers are examples of plant types.

Plants have two growth axes, which are most visible during seed germination and growth. Seedlings have two axes of growth: those that grow upward out of the soil, known as stems, and those that grow downward, known as roots. The roots have root hairs and branch indiscriminately with cells that take in water and nutrients, whereas the stems are modified to move water and nutrients to and from the leaves and flowers.

Rhizomes are plant stems that grow horizontally under or along the ground from roots and shoots. A rhizome is a stem modification that allows for the growth of new plants. They are also referred to as rootstock. For instance, ginger, Iris, and violet. Rhizomes are also known as root stalks. They are the parts of plants that grow underground from which the parts that grow above ground develop. Rhizomes typically grow perpendicular to the direction of gravity, i.e. horizontally.

Rhizome characteristics:
- These are not green, and they have distinct nodes and internodes.
- There are both auxiliary and apical buds. These are brownish.
- Because of the storage of food material, the most common types of rhizomes are fleshy.
- Instead of growing horizontally, the rhizome rootstock grows vertically upwards.
A horizontal underground stem is a Rhizomes.

Note: Many plants, including weeds, use underground stems to spread and colonize large areas. Because the stems do not need to be supported or strong, less energy and resources are required to produce these items, and these plants often have more mass underground than above ground.