Question

A eukaryotic group that causes serious plant diseases comes under :
A) Monera
B) Fungi
C) Protista
D) Viruses

Answer 1

Hint: Eukaryotes are organisms whose cells possess a nucleus that is enclosed within a nuclear envelope. They belong to the domain Eukaryota or Eukarya. The eukaryotes are considered to have emerged in the Archaea or as a sister of the now cultivated Asgard archaea.

Complete answer:
Eukaryotes represent a tiny minority of the number of organisms but, due to their generally much larger size, their collective global biomass is estimated to be about equal to that of prokaryotes.

Now let us look into the given options:
A) Monera is a kingdom that has unicellular organisms with a prokaryotic cell organization and has no nuclear membrane, such as bacteria.
B) A fungus is a member of the eukaryotic organisms that includes organisms such as yeasts and moulds, as well as mushrooms. Most plant diseases are caused by fungal or fungi-like organisms
C) A protist is any eukaryotic organism that is neither an animal, plant nor fungus. The protists are unicellular eukaryotes out of which few of them are parasitic, but they do not cause diseases in plants.
D) Viruses are considered neither prokaryotes nor eukaryotes this is because they lack the characteristics of living things, except the ability to replicate, which they accomplish only in living cells.
- Hence, options A, C and D are incorrect and option B is correct which is Fungi.

Therefore the correct answer is option ‘B’ i.e, fungi.

Note: Some fungi and fungal-like organisms cannot overwinter in northern climates because of the low winter temperatures therefore these pathogens overwinter in southern climates which are then transported by air currents back to northern climates. Disease movement from southern to northern climates can be noted during the growing season.