Question

(a) Draw a well labelled diagrammatic view of the human male reproductive system.
(b) Differentiate between:
(i) Vas deferens and vasa efferentia
(ii) Spermatogenesis and spermiogenesis

Answer 1

Hint: The male reproductive unit consists of penis, a pair of testes and scrotum. These structures are essentially located outside the body as for sperm production temperature required is generally lower than our body temperature.

Complete answer:
(a) Labelled diagram of human male reproductive system-

(b)
(i) Difference between Vas deferens and vasa efferentia

Vas deferens	Vasa efferentia
• Arise from epididymis.	• Arises from rete testes.
• It is a very thick and coiled tube.	• It is a fine and a convoluted tubule.
• Two in number.	• They are 15-20 in number
• Transport spermatozoa from epididymis to ducts.	• Transport spermatozoa from rete from testes to epididymis.

(ii) Difference between spermatozoa and spermiogenesis

Spermatozoa	Spermiogenesis
• It is the process of formation of haploid spermatozoa from undifferentiated diploid germ cells.	• It is the process in which transformation of haploid spermatids occurs into mature sperms.
• It includes multiplication, growth, maturation and differentiation phase.	• It Includes only differentiation.
• One spermatogonia gives rise to four sperms.	• One spermatid gives rise to one sperm.

Note: Spermatogenesis is the process by which the production of sperms from the immature germ cells takes place in males. It occurs in seminiferous tubules present inside the testes. At the time of spermatogenesis, a diploid spermatogonium (which is a male germ cell) gets increased in its size to form a diploid primary spermatocyte. This diploid primary spermatocyte further undergoes first meiotic division (i.e. meiosis I), which is also known as reductional division in order to give rise to two equal haploid secondary spermatocytes. Each secondary spermatocyte then further undergoes a second meiotic division (i.e. meiosis II) to give rise to two equal haploid spermatids. As a result, a diploid spermatogonium produces four haploid spermatids. These spermatids get transformed into spermatozoa (sperm) by the process called spermiogenesis.