Question

(a) Define dielectric strength. (b) What is the fringing effect of the electric field ? (c) What is the relation between electric susceptibility and dielectric constant ?

Answer 1

Hint: To solve this problem we should know about capacitor and capacitance. A capacitor (originally known as a condenser) is a passive two-terminal electrical component used to store energy electrostatically in an electric field. Capacitance is the ability of a component or circuit to collect and store energy in the form of an electrical charge. Capacitors are energy-storing devices available in many sizes and shapes.So, we first know the relation between different components to solve the problem.

Complete step by step answer:
Dielectric strength: The electrical strength of an irritating material is known as dielectric strength or The insulating qualities of an insulator break down in a sufficiently powerful electric field, enabling charge to flow. The greatest voltage necessary to create a dielectric breakdown through a material is referred to as dielectric strength.

The fringing effect of the electric field: The bending of the electric flux lines towards the edge of parallel plate capacitors is known as fringing. Fringing is frequently referred to as the "edge effect.". In most capacitors, the flux lines are homogeneous and parallel. However, due to the geometry, the flux lines at the margins are not straight and curve slightly upward. This is referred to as the fringing effect.

The relation between electric susceptibility and dielectric constant: The term "electric susceptibility" refers to the degree to which a substance becomes polarised when exposed to an electric field. If the substance becomes more polarised than normal, the substance will begin to create an internal field, which will oppose the external field, reducing the electric flux present within the material.This is why a medium's electric permittivity is affected by its electric susceptibility. As a result of the relationship between dielectric constant and susceptibility, the larger the level of polarisation, the lower the electric permittivity.

Note: We must note that in the case of the parallel plate capacitor, we ignore the fringe effect. Because of the fringe effect the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor is more than the capacitance calculated by the formula. The theoretical dielectric strength of a material is an intrinsic property of the bulk material, and is independent of the configuration of the material or the electrodes with which the field is applied. This "intrinsic dielectric strength" corresponds to what would be measured using pure materials under ideal laboratory conditions.