Question

A condition of failure of kidney to form urine is called as
A. Deamination
B. Entropy
C. Anuria
D. None of the above

Answer 1

Hint: Kidneys help in filtration of blood and remove waste in the form of urea with urine from the body. The functional unit of kidneys are called Nephrons which actually work in the filtration of blood.

Complete Answer:
Urine formation: There are three main steps of urine formation.
(I) Glomerular filtration
(II) Reabsorption
(III) Secretion

(I) Glomerular filtration: Each kidney contains many tiny structures called nephrons which contain glomerulus.
- In this step the glomerulus filters water and other substances from the bloodstream.
- The filtration membrane keeps blood cells and large proteins in the bloodstream.

(II) Reabsorption: When the filtrate exits the glomerulus it reaches to a duct and flows into its name as renal tubule.
- As it moves , the needed substances and some water molecules are reabsorbed through the renal tubule’s wall.

(III) Secretion: At the same time when the urine passes through the renal tubule, some water ions and hydrogen ions secreted into the renal tubule.
- These secrets ions combine with filtrate and make urine.

Failure of kidney to form urine:
- A condition of failure of the kidney to form urine is called Anuria or enuresis.
- Aueria can be acute (short term) or chronic disease (long term).

Causes of Anuria:
There are many causes of Anuria like-
Kidney failure, Diabetes, High blood pressure, Kidney stones, Tumors in kidneys, Chronic kidney disease

Symptoms of Anuria:
There are many symptoms of Anuria. They are given as-
- Blood in the urine
- Recent trouble urinating
- Decreased visit to bathroom
- Fluid retention
- Fatigue

Diagnosis of Anemia:
Certain tests are to be done to diagnose Anuria. These tests include
- Urine tests
- Blood test to look for excess waste
- A biopsy of small sample of kidney
- Renal scintigraphy which tests the function of the kidney via nuclear medicine.
- MRI Scan
- CT Scan

Treatment of Anuria:
- Kidney’s tumours and stones need to be removed to improve the condition of patients suffering from Anuria.
- It can be treated with dialysis.
- Therefore, we have seen that a condition of failure of the kidney to form urine is called Anuria.

Hence, option C in the right answer for the given question.

Note: If proper treatment will be given to the patient of Anuria then there will be no life threatening problem. But untreated Anuria can lead to permanent kidney damage and leads to death.