Question

A 55 years old female was analyzed for her hormonal status. Some hormones are increased in blood and excreted in urine. These hormones are
(A) Estrogen, progesterone and FSH
(B) Progesterone and LH
(C) LH and FSH
(D) Estrogen and FSH

Answer 1

Hint: They are gonadotropic hormones, because the gonadotropic cells of the anterior pituitary synthesize and secrete them.

Complete answer:Now lets us find the solution from the given options-
1. Estrogen and progesterone were only necessary for reproductive purposes.
Estrogen influences the menstrual cycle and ovulation, controls the production of secondary sex characteristics during puberty, and helps prepare the reproductive system for future pregnancies.
Progesterone acts in combination with estrogen to activate the uterus for pregnancy, facilitates the implantation of a fertilized egg into the uterus, and is an important factor in sustaining a pregnancy.
If pregnancy does not happen in a given period, then the menstrual cycle starts with the normal cyclic decrease in progesterone.
2. LH secretes progesterone by inducing ovulation and follicle cells in the corpus luteum.
In females, the post-reproductive menopause process starts approximately from age 45.
The primary follicles which can be produced under the FSH effect are not available in this process.
Under LH impact ovulation cannot occur when follicles do not mature. There is no developed corpus luteum because there is no progesterone.
The endometrium avoids building up, because there is no progesterone. Because of this, no menstruations occur.
3. Provided that the pituitary gland releases FSH and LH, they will be unused and excreted in the urine.
4. The function of FSH is to regulate all ovarian developmental processes from birth through menopause; the function of estrogen is to regulate the menstrual cycle of the woman.

Additional information: Hormones are the body's chemical messengers. They control the physiology of the body, based on brain signals. For the changes to happen, they pass the signal directly into the corresponding organ. So they are like the messengers that deliver a message to the other organs from the brain. They are formed by unique gland secretory cells.Those glands are of various types that synthesize and secrete the hormone. They are not released into the blood. Instead, the blood flows through those glands and takes away.

Thus, the right answer is option C i.e., LH and FSH

Note: During menopause the FSH level increases above the LH level. First the level of FSH and then the level of LH, both achieve substantially higher levels as the woman enters the menopause stage.