Important Questions for CBSE Class 8 Social Science Our Past 3 Chapter 7 - Civilising the Native, Educating the Nation

Very Short Answer Questions (1 Mark)

1. Fill in the blanks- 

(i) Bihar and Bengal were toured by ______. 

(ii) The Serampore Mission was associated with _____. 

(iii) In the Pathshalas, there was no system of _______. 

(iv) Shantiniketan was established by __________.

Ans:

(i) William Adam 

(ii) William Carey 

(iii) Examination 

(iv) Rabindranath Tagore

2. State true and false.

(i) In 1781 a Madrasa was established to promote the study of Arabic. 

(ii) Orientalists criticized James Mill. 

(iii) Rabindranath Tagore established Shantiniketan in 1901. 

(iv) Pathans were bound to follow every rule and regulations.

Ans: 

(i) True 

(ii) True 

(iii) True 

(iv) False

3. Match the following-

Ans: 

(i) William Jones 

(ii) Thomas Macaulay 

(iii) Rabindranath Tagore 

(iv) Pathshalas

4. Choose the correct option. 

(i) Henry Thomas Colebrook supported the idea of ______. 

(a) William Jones 

(b) James Mill 

(c) Charles wood 

(d) Thomas Macaulay 

(ii) The Orientalists were attacked by ____ 

(a) Thomas Macaulay 

(b) James Mill 

(c) Both a and b 

(d) None of the above

Ans: 

(i) (a) William Jones 

(ii) (c) Both a and b

5. Define the Following 

(i) Linguist 

(ii) Madrasa 

Ans: 

(i) A linguist is someone who knows numerous languages.

(ii) It is an Arabic word for a place of study.

Short Answer Questions (2 Marks)

6. What do you mean by Orientalists? 

Ans: Orientalists are those who were famous scholars in the language and culture of Asia. 

7. Who was a Munshi? 

Ans: Munshi was a Persian teacher who could both read and write the language.

8. Define Vernacular. 

Ans: Vernacular was the name given to a dialect that was utilized as a local language. It was frequently regarded as a standard language. 

9. What was the importance of Calcutta Madrasa? 

Ans: Calcutta Madrasa was founded to encourage the study of Persian, Arabic, and Islamic Law.

10. What was the Hindu College established in Banaras? 

Ans: Banaras Hindu College was founded to promote the study of Sanskrit texts.

Short Answer Questions (3 Marks)

11. William Jones wanted to study Indian History, Philosophy and Law, why? 

Ans: William Jones saw the necessity to study Indian history, philosophy, and law because he believed that these books may help the British learn from Indian culture while also revealing Hindu and Muslim ideologies. This would give the British an advantage over them, allowing them complete control over the Indian scriptures. 

12. Why did the Company promote Indian learning rather than Western learning? 

Ans: The British adopted a strategy to teach Indians their own texts. They only did this to win the hearts of Indians. They encouraged Indians to learn because they wanted to teach Indians their subjects. They anticipated that everyone would reject these detached subjects, so they proposed first teaching Indian scriptures. 

13. What measures did the British take After Wood’s despatch? 

Ans: The British took the following steps:

1. A school administration department was established by the government to handle school-related issues.

2. The university system was established. Madras, Calcutta, and Bombay were the first cities to build universities.

3. There were other additional changes occurring in India's educational system. 

14. How were the views of Tagore and Mahatma Gandhi different in the West? 

Ans: Tagore and Gandhi had similar views on education. When it came to western civilisation, however, their perspectives were contradictory. Gandhi was opposed to the worship of machines and technology, but Tagore emphasized the importance of learning science and technology in order to compete with other civilisations.

15. Why did Mahatma Gandhi encourage children to learn handicrafts? 

Ans: Mahatma Gandhi desired to teach handicrafts to children so that they may have a knowledge of the labour that goes into making handicrafts. This would expand their understanding of how things work as well as the practical expertise required for the development of such trades.

Long Answer Questions (5 Marks)

16. Why did the British think that European education is important for Indians? 

Ans: Since James Mill and Thomas Macaulay saw India as an uncivilized country, they believed that European education was required to make them more civilized. This would help them comprehend the ideas of trade and commerce, as well as the importance of developing the country. European cuisine would assist Indians in adding new flavours to their food, resulting in a desire for European products among them. They also believed that the moral principles of the Europeans would have a major influence on the Indians. Their command of the English language would enable them to read the world's greatest literary works.

17. The English education system has enslaved Indians. Why did Gandhiji say this? 

Ans: English education, according to Mahatma Gandhi, would make Indians feel inferior to their own language and culture. He believed that the Western civilisation would be regarded as superior to the Indian civilization, casting a terrible curse on the Indians. As a result, he feared that the westernization that would result from English education would trap Indians into being inspired by the British, making them outsiders in their own nation. Gandhi ji was more interested in Indian culture. He inspired everyone to be "Swadesi" in all aspects of their lives. 

18. Discuss the Wood’s despatch and its provisions. 

Ans: The court directors of the British East India Company dispatched an educational despatch to India in 1854 to teach Indians their subjects. Because the despatch was sent by Charles, the head of the board of control, it was dubbed "Wood's despatch." This dispatch was sent in response to Wood's order, and its main mission was to teach Indians to be British subjects. They criticized eastern knowledge and urged people to study European subjects. They encouraged Indians to believe that European education would enable them to understand international trade and modernization trends.

19. To improve Vernacular education what were the measures that the British took? 

Ans: There were no rules and regulations in the Indian Pathshalas. Several improvements were implemented by the British to increase learning. Some of these are listed below

1. The British appointed government Pandits to oversee four to five schools. The primary responsibility of these Pandits was to monitor and enhance the quality of education. 

2. The teachers were instructed to hold courses on a regular basis in accordance with the timetable provided to them and to submit a report as a result. 

3. The instruction was now primarily from a textbook, and a yearly examination was held to assess the curriculum.

20. What did Mahatma Gandhi want Indians to learn? 

Ans: Mahatma Gandhi thought that the westernization that would result from English education would enslave Indians and motivate them to be inspired by the British, making them aliens in their own land. Mahatma Gandhi desired to teach handicrafts to children so that they may have a knowledge of the labour that goes into making handicrafts. This would broaden their understanding of how things work as well as the practical knowledge required for the advancement of such skills. English education, according to Mahatma Gandhi, would make Indians feel inadequate about their own language and culture.

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