Question

Write two uses of propan-2-one .

Answer 1

Hint: Ketones are those organic compounds in which the carbonyl group $(\mathop C\limits_|^| = O)$ is attached to two carbon containing groups which can be the same or different alkyl , aryl or alkyl groups . The general formula of ketone is $(R - \mathop C\limits^\parallel - R')$ .

Complete answer:
-Propan-2-one is a ketone which contains three carbon atoms . Its formula is $C{H_3} - CO - C{H_3}$
-Two methyl groups are attached to the ketone group on both sides . The common name of propan-2one is dimethyl ketone or acetone .
-Ketones have many uses . The uses of propan-2-one are :
-Propan-2-one is widely used as a solvent in industry .
-Acetone is used as a constituent of nail polish remover .
-Acetone is also used to prepare many chemicals such as chloroform , ketene and acetic anhydride .

Additional information :
The preparation of propan-2-one can be done in the following ways :
-When isopropyl alcohol is treated with chromium and manganese reagent propan-2-one is formed .
$C{H_3} - CHOH - C{H_3}\xrightarrow{{{K_2}C{r_2}{O_7} + {H_2}S{O_4}}}C{H_3} - CO - C{H_3}$
-When dry distillation of calcium acetate takes place acetone is formed .
$C{H_3}COO - Ca - COOC{H_3}\xrightarrow{{distillation}}C{H_3} - CO - C{H_3} + CaC{O_3}$
-When oxidation of propylene takes place by treating it with a solution of $PdC{l_2}$ containing a catalytic amount of $CuC{l_2}$ in presence of oxygen or air then acetone is formed .
$C{H_3}CH = C{H_2} + {H_2}O + PdC{l_2}\xrightarrow[{Air}]{{CuC{l_2}}}C{H_3}COC{H_3} + Pd + 2HCl$

Note:
In ketones the carbon-oxygen double bond is polar whereas the carbon-carbon bond is nonpolar . The bond length of $C = O$ is $123pm$ . Also the carbonyl group in ketones is planar in nature and $s{p^2}$ hybrid orbitals of carbon atom is used for its formation .