Question

In order to find out the different types of gametes produced by a pea plant having the genotype AaBb, it should be crossed to a plant with the genotype:
A. AABB                                      
B. AaBb
C. aabb          
D. aaBB

Answer 1

Hint:To ascertain an organism's genotype and uncover individuals with an entirely new genotype, many crosses are conducted between the two. These kinds of crosses are crucial for scientific study since they enable the identification of each plant's genotype.

Step by step solution:
To find out whether a dominant phenotype organism possesses homozygous dominant and heterozygous genotypes, a dominant phenotype organism is bred with a homozygous recessive genotype organism. As a result, test crosses are employed to ascertain the zygosity of an organism whose genotype is unknown. The father of genetics, Gregor Mendel, first proposed this hybrid.

Talking about the following instance in plants: Consider a tall and dwarf plant where the tall trait (T) predominates over the dwarf (t). The tall plant's genotype is unknown, but the dwarf plant must be homozygous for the recessive allele. Either TT or Tt could be the case. The genotype of the organism is determined by a testcross. The phenotypes of the offspring can be used to determine the unknown genotype. If only dominant phenotypes result from crossing the unknown dominant phenotype (TT or Tt genotype) individual with the recessive phenotypic individual, the plant with the unknown genotype is homozygous dominant.
The unknown individual must have the recessive allele and the heterozygous genotype if any recessive phenotypic plants develop from the cross.

So, option C is correct.

Note: Backcrossing involves mating a member of the F1 generation with either one of the parents or another person who shares the parent's genetic makeup. A test cross is a form of the back cross in which the F1 progeny are the unknown dominant phenotypic generation. A back cross, however, is not a test cross.