Question

Write two examples of true fruits.

Answer 1

Hint: A fruit typically grows from a ripe ovary or some portion of the floral region. Fruits can be true or false on the basis of the floral parts they produce. True fruit is also known as eucarp. They emerge from a mature and ripened ovary and contain seeds.

Complete answer:
The fruit is a signature feature of the flowering plant. It is a mature or ripened ovary that forms after fertilisation. The fruit is usually made up of a wall or pericarp and seeds. Pericarp can be dry or fleshy. When the pericarp is thick and fleshy, it is separated into the outer epicarp, the middle mesocarp and the inner endocarp.

In most plants, as the fruit emerges from the ovaries, other floral parts degenerate and break off. However, in a few plants, such as grapes, apples, etc., thalamus also contributes to fruit formation. These fruits are also known as false fruits. False fruits do not develop from the wall of the ovary.

Most fruits emerge only from the ovaries and are known as true fruits. True fruits grow after the completion of the normal fertilisation process in the flowering plant. After the fertilisation process, the ovules become the seeds of the plant, while the ovaries turn into the fruit's fleshy part. As the process of true fertilisation includes the formation of fruit, these fruits are considered true fruits. True fruits may be simple, aggregated or composite. Two examples of true fruits are mango and maize. Mango emerges from a ripened ovary. Maize is a true fruit that grows out of a ripened ovary. The pericarp in maize is attached to the seed coat.

Note:True fruit is a mature, ripe ovary that develops after fertilisation. Thus, the ovules within the ovary also turn into seeds. In addition, pericarp and seeds are the two parts of true fruit.