Question

Write the name of pathogens and vectors of malaria disease and mention its symptoms and cure?

Answer 1

Hint: Malaria is a disease that is mainly caused by protozoan species. It is generally transmitted through the bite of an infected mosquito. It is a life-threatening disease through the bite of a female anopheles mosquito.

Complete answer:
Malaria is caused by Plasmodium parasites. The plasmodium species are spread to people through the bites of infected female mosquitoes known as anopheline also known as "malaria vectors."
There are commonly 5 parasite species that cause malaria in humans, and 2 of these species –
1. P. falciparum
2. P. vivax
Malaria is an acute febrile illness. In a non-immune person symptoms usually appear after 10–15 days after the infective anopheles mosquito bite.
The first symptoms –
1. Fever
2. Headache
3. Chills – that may be mild and difficult to recognize as malaria.
If malaria is not treated within 24 hours, P. falciparum malaria can progress to severe illness, often leading to death. Children with a severe form of malaria frequently develop one or more of the following symptoms that include-
1. Severe anaemia
2. Respiratory distress
3. Metabolic acidosis
4. Cerebral malaria
In adults, multi-organ failure is also frequent. In malaria-endemic areas, people may develop partial immunity, allowing asymptomatic infections to occur. We can treat malaria disease by giving antimalarial drugs. And its use depends upon the type and severity of the disease.
The antimalarial drugs are as follows:
1. Chloroquinone
2. Tafenoquine
3. Mefloquine
4. Primaquine

Note: Malaria is not spread from person to person like a cold or the flu, and it cannot be sexually transmitted. People cannot get malaria from casual contact with malaria-infected people, for example sitting next to someone who has malaria. So, this means malaria is not a contagious disease.