Question

Write the name and the structure of the monomer of natural rubber polymers.

Answer 1

Hint: We know that a monomer is a simple molecule which consists of two or more binding sites through which it forms covalent linkage with other molecules in order to form the macromolecules known as polymers. Monomers are also referred to as the building blocks of the polymers.

Complete Step By Step Answer:
Natural rubber is a long chain polymer which contains repeating subunits. It is an additional polymer which is obtained as a milky white fluid commonly known as latex and it is obtained from the monomer isoprene i.e., 2-methyl-1,3-butadiene which is a conjugated diene hydrocarbon. Most of the double bonds formed in the natural rubber polymer have Z configuration and show the properties of elastomers. It is an important example of elastomers. As the name suggests, the elastomer is a type of polymer which has elastic properties. That means, it can return to its original shape after it is stretched or deformed.
Natural rubber is formed from isoprene as per the following reaction.

Thus, the monomer of natural rubber is isoprene and structurally it is represented as follows:

Note:
Remember that the isoprene molecule has two double bonds and when it is polymerized, one of its double bonds is retained and the natural rubber is always formed in cis configuration for the methyl groups. Also, to enhance the properties of rubber like toughness, elasticity, heat and cold resistance, sulphur is added to the rubber and the process is known as vulcanization.