Question

Write four essential requirements of genetic material?

Answer 1

Hint: Genetic material is the substance that stores biological information in a coded form transfers it to the next generation, and causes its expression in offspring.

Complete answer: Essential requirement of genetic material:-
1. It should be present in every cell.
2. Its amount should be the same in all somatic cells
3. It should show diversity corresponding to the variety existing in the organisms and be able to precisely duplicate itself, forming its carbon copies.
4. It should be able to faithfully pass its copies to progeny occasionally develop inheritable changes (mutations) to allow adaptations and evolution to occur in the organisms.
5. It should be able to store information in the coded form for the control of the biological functions of the cells and express its information in the progeny.
6. It should be capable of differential expression so that the various parts of organisms may acquire specific form, structures, and functions in the site of having the same genetic material.

Additional Information: DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) is the genetic material.
1. It is found in all cells. All the somatic cells of a given species contain the same amount of DNA, and this is double the amount found in the gamete cells.
2. It exhibits infinite variety due to unlimited sequences its monomers can occur.
3. It duplicates its genetic information by faithful replication during interphase.
4. DNA expresses its genetic information by transcription of mRNA and synthesis of proteins.
5. DNA is able to repair itself if damaged to preserve the genetic information.

Note: DNA is the most celebrated molecule of the present time because it is substances of inheritance.