Question

Write down the cations and anions obtained from the compounds in the following chart:

compounds	Cation	Anion
NaOH
KOH
$Ca{(OH)}_2$
HCl
HBr
$HN{O}_3$

Answer 1

Hint: Before solving this question, we should have prior knowledge about cations and anions. Cations have a greater number of protons than electrons hence, it has a net positive charge and similarly anions have more electrons than protons hence, it has net negative charge.

Complete step by step answer:
Cations will be the one which have a positive charge and anions have negative charge. The first compound is NaOH:
Cation: $N{a}^{+}$
Anion:$O{H}^{-}$
- Second compound is KOH:
Cation: $K^{+}$
Anion: $O{H}^{-}$
- Next compound is $Ca{(OH)}_2$:
Cation: $C{a}^{2+}$
Anion: $O{H}^{-}$
- Next compound is HCl:
Cation: $H^{+}$
Anion: $C{l}^{-}$
- Next compound is HBr:
Cation: $H^{+}$
Anion: $B{r}^{-}$
- Next compound is $HN{O}_3$:
Cation: $H^{+}$
Anion: $N{O_3}^{-}$
Hence, the complete charge will be:

compounds	Cation	Anion
NaOH	$N{a}^{+}$	$O{H}^{-}$
KOH	$K^{+}$	$O{H}^{-}$
$Ca{(OH)}_2$	$C{a}^{2+}$	$O{H}^{-}$
HCl	$H^{+}$	$C{l}^{-}$
HBr	$H^{+}$	$B{r}^{-}$
$HN{O}_3$	$H^{+}$	$N{O_3}^{-}$

Additional Information . The chemical symbol is used to represent an atom or an element. The chemical symbol of an element usually consists of one or two letters from the Latin alphabet and the first letter is always capital. There are many sources from which the symbols are derived, it includes Greek name of an element or German name etc. the chemical symbol for oxygen is O and for nitrogen is N.

Note: We can sometimes predict whether the given compound is cation or anion based on the position of that compound on the periodic table. The alkali metals and the alkaline earth metals always form cations. Whereas the halogens always form anions i.e. the negatively charged species.