Question

Write different types of endoplasmic reticulum.

Answer 1

Hint: The thread-like arranged organ present in all eukaryotic cells that help in lipid synthesis and protein synthesis which is divided into two types based on the presence of ribosomes on the outer surface

Complete step by step answer:
The thread-like structures present inside a eukaryotic cell is called the endoplasmic reticulum.
Depending upon the presence of granules endoplasmic reticulum is divided into two types namely rough endoplasmic reticulum and smooth endoplasmic reticulum. If the granules are present on the endoplasmic reticulum it is called the rough endoplasmic reticulum. In the smooth endoplasmic reticulum, granules are seen. These granules are ribosomes that help in protein synthesis.

Additional information:
- Almost all the eukaryotic cells contain cell organelles such as the nucleus, Golgi complex, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, vacuoles, mitochondria, etc.
- A series of flattened sacs present inside the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell that performs various functions like protein synthesis, modifications of proteins, and transport of proteins.
- endoplasmic reticulum in the animal cell constitutes more than half of the membranous contents of the cell.

- It is surrounded by two membranes, the outer membrane, and the inner membrane
- Endoplasmic reticulum divides the intracellular spaces of the cell into two compartments namely the luminal compartment and the extraluminal compartment.
- On the rough endoplasmic reticulum ribosomes are attached to the surface. Due to the presence of ribosomes, it plays an important role in the synthesis of proteins.
- Smooth endoplasmic reticulum is devoid of ribosomes. It plays an important role in synthesizing lipids. In animal cells, lipid-like steroidal hormones are synthesized in the smooth endoplasmic reticulum.

Note: The term endoplasmic reticulum was coined by K.Porter in 1953. Some of the proteins are stored in the endoplasmic reticulum and later they are sent into the Golgi apparatus which lies next to the endoplasmic reticulum. A smooth endoplasmic reticulum in the liver helps in the detoxification of harmful chemicals and drugs.