Question

Write an essay on DNA recombinant technology.

Answer 1

Hint: Recombinant DNA technology is a technique that alters the phenotype of a host when a genetically modified vector is introduced and incorporated into the genome of the host.

Complete answer: The process of introducing a foreign fragment of DNA into the genome containing the desired gene. This gene that is introduced is referred to as the recombinant gene in the technique is known as recombinant DNA technology.

Steps of making recombinant DNA :
1. Isolation of DNA: Being a nucleic acid enclosed in the nucleus isolation of DNA is not an easy task, isolation of DNA is a process which is controlled by enzymes.
The plant and animal cells were treated with certain enzymes such as cellulose for plants lysozyme for bacteria and chitin for fungi are used to isolate DNA from the cells.
2. Fragmentation of DNA: The isolated and purified DNA is treated with a restriction endonuclease which cut the DNA into fragments. And the desired gene is obtained.
3. Amplification of gene of interest: Polymerase chain reaction is a process to amplify the gene once the proper gene of interest has been cut using restriction endonuclease.
Insertion of recombinant DNA into the: This is the last step in recombinant DNA technology.

Note: Embedding the gene of interest in the genome of the host is not as simple as it sounds like the development of recombinant DNA involves a series of sequential steps.