Question

Write a short note on the Lucas test.

Answer 1

Hint: We have to remember that the full form of IUPAC is the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry. It is a World Wide organisation for the nomenclature of the new elements in the periodic table and chemical molecules. The IUPAC has certain rules and regulations for the naming of the organic compound. In that method only we named the organic molecules in World level. The naming of any organic molecule depends on the parent saturated hydrocarbon.

Complete answer:
We have to know that there are three types of alcohol. There are primary, secondary and tertiary alcohols. This alcohol classification is based on the number of carbon atoms bonded on the carbon atom which have hydroxyl group in the molecular formula.
The Lucas test is nothing but the alcohol is treated with hydrogen chloride and zinc chloride.
Lucas gives immediate product in the tertiary alcohols and it takes \[5\] minutes for secondary alcohols and no reaction proceeds for the primary alcohols in nature.
In this way, we find the classification of alcohol in the given sample.

Note:
As we know in organic chemistry oxidation and reduction are important concepts. The oxidation and reduction are used to convert one functional group of molecules to another functional group. One homologous form to another homologous form of hydrocarbon is also possible in oxidation and reduction reaction. In one reaction oxidation followed by reduction reaction or the reduction reaction followed by oxidation reaction is called redox reaction.