Question

Write a short note on the Gulf of Mannar Biosphere Reserve.

Answer 1

Hint: A biosphere reserve is an area that is intended to secure the diversity of life in a region while continuing to advance economic growth. Biosphere reserves are those areas that are protected areas that are meant for the conservation of plants and animals. They conserve the biodiversity of that area.

Complete answer:
- There are a total of 18 Biosphere Reserves established in India by the government that protect large areas of natural habitats.
- The Gulf of Mannar Marine Biosphere Reserve (GOMMBR) is located in Tamil Nadu, Southern India, and extends between Rameswaram and Kanyakumari.
- The Gulf of Mannar is a protected area of India which consists of 21 small islands (islets) and adjacent coral reefs in the Gulf of Mannar in the Indian Ocean.
- The Gulf of Mannar includes three distinct Coastal ecosystems. Those three ecosystems are coral reef, seagrass bed, and mangroves (world’s richest region from a marine biodiversity perspective), which is a storehouse of marine diversity of global significance and is known for its unique biological wealth and.
- The Gulf has almost 4,223 species of plants and animals representing from primitive to higher forms make it one of the richest coastal regions in India. Most of the islands have a luxuriant growth of mangroves on their shorelines and swampy regions.
- The park includes mudflats, beaches, estuaries, and forests of the nearshore environment.

Additional information:
Biosphere reserves are areas that involve terrestrial, marine, and coastal environments. Each reserve supports solutions integrating the conservation of biodiversity with its appropriate use.

Functions of Biospheres
A biosphere has to fulfill three basic functions-
> Conservation Function – For the conservation of Ecosystems, landscapes, and species.
> Development Function – To encourage economic and human development which is ecologically sustainable.
> Logistic Function – Provides support for research, education, and information related to global issues and development.

Note: The concept of a biosphere reserve concept can be applied to various other projects, guide and construct projects to enhance human life and ensure environmental stability.
It spreads awareness among local people and government authorities on environmental issues. It attracts additional funding from various sources. Biosphere reserves serve as a learning platform to demonstrate approaches to conservation and development.