Question

World biodiversity day is
(a) ${ 22 }^{ nd }$ April
(b) ${ 16 }^{ th }$ September
(c) ${ 5 }^{ th }$ June
(d) ${ 22 }^{ nd }$ May

Answer 1

Hint: This day is celebrated to create awareness with respect to the biodiversity issues all around the world. It also concerns the various factors that lead to the degradation and instability of biodiversity.

Complete answer:
Biodiversity refers to combined diversity at all levels of biological organization. It can be studied as genetic diversity, species diversity, community, and ecosystem diversity. Biodiversity conservation is very important as it can be a source of food, medicine, drugs, and so on.
-To conserve biodiversity, World’s Biodiversity Day is celebrated on ${ 22 }^{ nd }$ May every year. It was sanctioned by the United Nations.
-It was celebrated from 1993 till 200 as the Convention of Biodiversity Day by the UN General Assembly on ${ 20 }^{ th }$ December. It was later changed on 20 December, 2000 to ${ 22 }^{ nd }$ May at Rio Earth Summit.
-There are different types of plants, animals, insects in the world. This is very important and their variability is necessary for survival.
-Biodiversity is very important for humans as they provide sources for many resources necessary for the survival of humans.
-Uses of biodiversity are classified into narrowly utilitarian, broadly utilitarian, and ethical benefits.
-Under narrowly utilitarian, biodiversity acts as a source of new crops, new biodegradable pesticides, etc.
-Broadly utilitarian ecosystem services include gaseous exchange, pollination, water purification, nutrient recycling, and so on.
-Ethical benefits include ecotourism, gardening, cultural and religious beliefs, etc.
-Biodiversity conservation is of great relevance as species extinction is taking place at a rapid rate due to human activities.
-It can be in situ as well as ex-situ conservation.
-In situ conservation is carried out through biosphere reserves, national parks, wildlife sanctuaries, and other protected areas.

Note:
Indian share of global species diversity is about $8.1\%$. The maximum number of species and their diversity is found in the area of western ghats. According to the IUCN red list,784 species were extinct in the last 500 years. The year 2010 is declared as Biodiversity Conservation Year by UNO.