Question

Which statement is wrong?
A) eIFs are initiation factors in Eukaryotes
B) IFs are initiation factors in prokaryotes
C) Initiator t RNA is specifically charged
D) GTP is the power supplier for the formation of the initiation complex
E) All correct

Answer 1

Hint: The process used in transferring the genetic information that is stored in the DNA, into units of transportable complementary RNA replicas, is known as Eukaryotic Transcription. In the case of prokaryotes, transcription happens in the cytoplasm. This is because prokaryotes lack membrane-bound nuclei and other organelles.

Complete answer:
Initiation factors are proteins that bind with the small subunit of the ribosome during the initiation of translation. Eukaryotic initiation factors (also known as eIFs) are proteins or their complexes that are involved in the initiation phase of eukaryotic translation. These proteins help in stabilizing the formation of ribosomal preinitiation complexes around the start codon.

IFs are initiation factors. In prokaryotes, the initiation of translation is mediated by initiation factors (IFs) \[IF1\], $IF2$, and $IF3$. The function of these initiation factors is to form a $70S$ ribosome complex that positions the mRNA and the formyl-Met-tRNA in the right places in order to start the elongation process.

The initiator t RNA is specifically charged with amino acids. During the initiation of the translation process, GTP is associated with an initiation factor ($IF2$) and gets hydrolyzed when the initial ribosomal complex is assembled. GTP is the source of power for the formation of the initiation complex.

Thus the correct answer is option ‘E’ i.e, All are correct.

Note: The structure of eukaryotic DNA is complex and linear. They are linked with packaging proteins called histones. Prokaryotic DNA, on the other hand, is circular. It is not linked with histones. The translation in prokaryotes is performed by $70S$ ribosomes. The eukaryotic translation is carried out by $80S$ ribosomes.