Question

Which part of ATP synthase forms the transmembrane channel?
A. CF₀
B. CF₁
C. Both
D. None of the above

Answer 1

Hint:
Before we proceed with the problem, it is important to know about the transmembrane.
Classified as membrane channels, transmembrane channels are openings in a lipid bilayer. Peptides or protein complexes that traverse the membrane can generate the channels. The cytosol, or cytoplasm, and the extracellular matrix may be connected with them as they cross the cell membrane. A protein component with a membrane-exposed polypeptide chain on both sides.

Complete step by step answer:
The ATPase enzyme consists of two parts, F₀ and F₁. F₀ creates a transmembrane channel that is embedded in the membrane and makes it easier for protons to diffuse across the thylakoid membrane. F₁ performs ATP molecule synthesis while sticking out from the membrane toward the stroma.
The proton gradient causes protons to move through the transmembrane channel of the F₀ of the ATPase from the membrane to the stroma. The two distinct protein components that makeup ATP synthase are the F₁ sector, a soluble component found in the mitochondrial matrix, and the F₀ sector, which is bound to the inner mitochondrial membrane. Subunits ɑ and β, each in three copies, as well as subunits ℇ,Ƴ each in one, make up F₁.

Option ‘A’ is correct

Note:
After traversing the lipid bilayer, a transmembrane channel permits molecules to flow from inside the cell/organelle to outside the cell organelle. According to the chemiosmotic theory, the proton gradient that is created across the mitochondrial membrane is what causes ATP to be produced. Chemiosmosis requires the proton pump, the proton gradient, and ATP synthase to function. ATP synthase is a type of enzyme that helps with ATP synthesis.