Question

Which part of an animal virus is not reproduced in multiple copies?
(a) Capsid
(b) Protein
(c) Envelope
(d) Ribosome

Answer 1

Hint: Virus is a nucleoprotein entity made up of an outermost covering known as an envelope, a protein coat called a capsid, and a core of nucleic acid.

Complete answer:
Viral populations do not grow through cell division because they’re acellular. Instead, they use the machinery and metabolism of a host cell to produce multiple copies of the envelope, capsid, and nucleic acid and assemble in a cell. Animal viruses like other viruses depend on the host cell to complete their life cycle. Its genomes consist of either RNA or DNA which may be single or double-stranded. After the virus uses the host cell’s resources to make new viral proteins and genetic material, viral particles assemble and prepare to exit the cell. Because viruses manipulate host cells into building new viruses which mean viruses don’t have the organelles, nuclei, and even ribosomes to copy their genes.

The life cycle of viruses differs greatly between species but there are 6 basic stages in the life cycle of viruses: Attachment, Penetration (Viral Entry) , Uncoating, Replication, Assembly, and Lysis. During attachment and penetration, the virus attaches itself to a host cell and injects its genetic material into it. During uncoating, replication, and assembly, the viral DNA or RNA incorporates itself into the host cell’s genetic material and induces it to replicate the viral genome. During lysis, the newly created viruses are released from the host cell, either by causing the cell to break apart, waiting for the cell to die, or by budding off through the cell membrane.
So the correct answer is ‘(d) Ribosome’.

Note: A virion is an entire virus particle that exists outside the cell. The core provides infectious capability while the capsid gives specificity to the virus. The lytic cycle involves the reproduction of viruses using a host cell to manufacture more viruses; the viruses then burst out of the cell. The lysogenic cycle involves the incorporation of the viral genome into the host cell genome, infecting it from within.