Question

Which one of the following organelles in the figure correctly matches with its function?

A. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum – Formation of glycoproteins
B. Golgi Apparatus – Formation of lipids
C. Golgi Apparatus – Formation of glycolipids
D. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum – protein synthesis

Answer 1

Hint:- The endoplasmic reticulum is a cell membrane network through which proteins and other molecules move within a cell. In organelles, named ribosomes, proteins are assembled. The ribosomes that assemble them attach to the endoplasmic reticulum when proteins are destined to be part of the cell membrane or exported from the cell, offering it a rough appearance.

Complete Answer:-
The above diagram is of a Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum. Rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER), a collection of connected flattened sac-like structures, forming part of a continuous membrane organelle within the eukaryotic cell cytoplasm, which plays a key role in protein synthesis. The rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER), which is embossed with protein-synthesizing particles known as ribosomes, is so labeled for the appearance of its outer surface.
With the nuclear envelope, which surrounds the cell nucleus, the RER membrane is continuous. The RER is also located near the Golgi apparatus, which transports, modifies, and packs proteins to target destinations for delivery. Many proteins are packaged into vesicles and transported to the Golgi apparatus that are synthesized in the RER. With a process known as translation, in which the protein is assembled from an RNA sequence, protein synthesis starts in the cytosol. As the protein grows, it will become bound to a signal recognition particle, which carries the ribosome to the RER membrane, if it includes a signal sequence at its amino-terminal end.
Thus, the right option is D.

Note:- In several metabolic processes, the smooth endoplasmic reticulum functions. It synthesizes lipids, plasma membrane-like phospholipids, and steroids. There is an excess of smooth endoplasmic reticulum in cells that secrete these products, such as ovaries, testicular cells, and skin oil glands.