Question

Which of the following types of bonds are present in ${{CuS}}{{{O}}_{{4}}}{{.5}}{{{H}}_{{2}}}{{O}}$?
I: Electrovalent II: Covalent III: Coordinate
A. I, II
B. II, III
C. I, III
D I, II, III

Answer 1

Hint: Covalent bond is mainly formed by mutual sharing of electrons and in coordinate bonds the pair of electrons involved in bond formation is from the same atom. In electrovalent bonds there involves a transfer of electrons from one atom to another.

Complete step by step answer:
In covalent bonding there will be a shared pair of electrons i.e., the electrons are shared equally from both the atoms. In coordinate bonds the electrons from one atom is involved in bond formation and here there is no mutual sharing of electrons. Electrovalent bond or ionic bond is the chemical bond that is formed by the transfer of electrons from one atom to another atom. The transfer of electrons should be in such a way that the ions formed should possess a stable electronic configuration. Electrovalent bond can be also called an ionic bond because it is formed between the oppositely charged ions. In an electrovalent bond one of the 2 atoms will be in a position to donate electrons to another in order to achieve stable inert gas configuration. Metal atoms usually possess 1, 2, 3 electrons in their outermost shell and non- metal atoms have 7, 6 or 5 electrons in their outermost shell. Thus when there is a reaction between a metal and a nonmetal there occurs a transfer of electrons between the metal and non- metal atoms forming an electrovalent bond. Thus the bond between ${{Cu}}$ and ${{S}}$ is ionic/electrovalent as ${{Cu}}$ is metal and ${{S}}$ is non-metal and the bond between ${{S}}$ and Oxygen is covalent, as both are non-metals and ${{CuS}}{{{O}}_{{4}}}$ is a complex which is bonded to the water molecules which act as ligands and the bond formed between them is coordinate bond.

So, the correct answer is Option D.

Additional information:
In coordinate bonds, a bond pair of electrons is donated by one atom only and the other acts as acceptor. The boiling point and melting point of compounds containing coordinate bonds is lower when compared to compounds containing ionic bonds. The electrical conductivity of compounds with covalent bonds is less when compared to compounds with ionic bond

Note: During the formation of electrovalent bond the metal loses electrons and becomes positively charged and these electrons which are gained by non- metal atoms thus become negatively charged ions. There occurs a force of attraction between the oppositely charged ions thus forming an ionic bond.