Question

Which of the following states lie partly on the north of the Himalayas?
A. Himachal Pradesh
B. Arunachal Pradesh
C. Jammu and Kashmir
D. None of these

Answer 1

Hint: The Himalayas extends over the northern borders of India. In its longitudinal extent, these mountains consist of three parallel ranges. The northernmost range is the Himadri or the Great or Inner Himalayas. To the south of the Himadri, lie the Himachal or lesser Himalayas. The outermost range of the Himalayas is called the Shiwaliks.

Complete step-by-step solution:
From the Indus to the Brahmaputra, these Mountain ranges run in a west-east direction. Many valleys lie in between these ranges. The Great or Inner Himalayas or the ‘Himadri’ is the northernmost range. 6,000 meters is the average height of this range. All the prominent peaks are in this range. Its core is composed of granite. The next range is known as the Himachal or lesser Himalaya, which lies to the south of the Himadri and forms the most rugged mountain system. It is composed mainly of highly compressed and altered rocks and its altitude ranges from 3,700 to 4,500 meters. The Panjal range is the longest and most prominent one, although Dhaula Dar and Mahabharat ranges are also important. This range is well known for its hill stations and consists of the famous Kullu valley in Himachal Pradesh and the Kashmir valley. Jammu and Kashmir lie partly on the north of the Himalayas. Shivalik is known as the outermost range of the Himalayas. From the main Himalayan ranges, the unconsolidated sediments are brought down by rivers which in turn compose these ranges. These valleys are covered with thick gravel and alluvium and they extend over a width of 10-50 Km and have an altitude varying between 900 and 1100 meters.

Thus, option (C) is correct.

Note: The Himalayas have been divided on the basis of regions from west to east, not only by the longitudinal divisions; but these divisions have been demarcated by river valleys also