Question

Which of the following statements are correct?
(i) Failure of segregation of chromatids during cell division results in aneuploidy.
(ii) Chromosomal disorders are mainly determined by alteration or mutation in a single gene.
(iii) Thalessemia and cystic fibrosis are mendalian disorders.
(iv) Sickel cell anaemia is an X-linked trait.
(v) Haemophilia is an autosome linked recessive disease.

(A) (i) and (iii)
(B) (i), (iii) and (iv)
(C) (iii) and (iv)
(D) (ii) and (iii)

Answer 1

Hint: Aneuploidy is a condition of having abnormal number of chromosomes in a haploid set which can occur due to failure of segregation. Haemophilia is a X-linked disorder. Sickle cell anaemia is an autosomal recessive trait.

Complete Step by Step Answer:
Genetic abnormalities, including various birth defects in humans, are frequently caused by an extra or missing chromosome. When the chromosomes do not properly divide between the two cells during cell division, aneuploidy develops. Multiple genes may have mutations that cause chromosomal abnormalities. A genetic locus-specific mutation causes mendelian diseases. Mendelian illnesses include thalassemia and cystic fibrosis because they are caused by changes or mutations in just one gene. Because the gene is not connected to a sex chromosome, sickle cell anemia is inherited as an autosomal recessive disease. This indicates that both male and female children can inherit the gene from a parent who carries it. Haemophilia is a X-linked disease. The ability of the blood to clot is impaired by an uncommon condition known as hemophilia. Usually, it runs in the family. Men make up the bulk of those who have it. Blood that has been cut typically contains substances called clotting factors, which when combined with platelets, cause the blood to become sticky and form a clot.
So, option (A) is the correct answer.

Note: Aneuploidy is when a cell has an abnormally high number of chromosomes. In this instance, there is one additional chromosome. A cell is said to be polyploid if it has an extra set of chromosomes. A completely new set of chromosomes is present.