Question

Which of the following statements about amorphous solids is incorrect?
(a) They melt over a range of temperature
(b) They are isotropic
(c) There is orderly arrangement of particles
(d) They are rigid and incompressible

Answer 1

Hint: Glass, rubber, and plastic are belonging to non-crystalline or amorphous solids. In which the constituents’ particles (atom and ions) follow short-range order.

Complete Step by Step Solution:
The amorphous solid is also known as a super-cool liquid.
In the structure of an amorphous solid, the constituent atoms do not follow the regular three-dimensional arrangement i.e., they exhibit short-range order.
They do not have sharp or fixed melting points i.e., they have a wide range of melting temperatures.
They do not have the ability to diffract x-rays.
They do not possess a plane, axis, and centre of symmetry
Amorphous solids are also considered isotropic in nature because their physical properties are the same in all directions.
Amorphous solids have various applications. For example, glass can be used in making various glassware. While the rubber can be used in making tubes, belts, and tires. Similarly, plastic also has applications in making various households.
From the above conclusion indicates that the amorphous solid does not have a well-ordered arrangement of atoms, ions, and molecules in the three-dimensional structure. Therefore, answer (d) will be correct.

Note: In some cases the presence of impurities causes the formation of the amorphous solid or unstable lattice. The amorphous solid on cutting with a knife produces a rough, broken, and unclear surface. The heat of fusion of amorphous solids cannot be defined.