Question

Which of the following refuted the doctrine of divine and absolute right?
A. John Locke
B. Rousseau
C. Voltaire
D. Montesquieu

Answer 1

Hint:
It is a political as well as religious doctrine.
It is related to God.
It was used in a monarchical system of government.

Complete answer:
According to the law of doctrine divine and absolute rights which is a political as well as religious law or royal and political legitimacy which states that the monarch possesses no earthly authority and get the right to rule directly from the will of God. The king is not allowed to perform according to the will of the people or citizens and God has the only power to make any judgment regarding him and dispose, dethrone or restrict him and his powers. This policy was introduced by King James I of England and was continued by Louis XIV.

In the year 1689 John Locke who refuted this policy wrote his First Treatise of Civil Government as it could be dangerous for both the judge and the state as the citizens will not be included in any of their will and could not challenge the unjust power of the kings. This also restricted the rights of individuals regarding life, liberty and property.

Therefore, the correct answer is A

Note:
John Locke was born in the year 1632 on 29th August and died in the year 1704 on 28th October in Wrington, near England.
He was a well-known English philosopher, social activist in governance, political theory, epistemology and religious tolerance.
The best known works of Locke are ‘An Essay Concerning Human Understanding’ and ‘Two Treatises of Government’.