Question

Which of the following is Indian dwarf wheat?
A. Triticum aestivum
B. Triticum sphaerococcum
C. Triticum dicoccum
D. Triticum turgidum

Answer 1

Hint: The wheat is the major crop grown all over India and other countries. Indian dwarf wheat was one of the main winter crops preferred to be grown by ancient Indian cultures. Moreover, it disappeared by the early twentieth century’s Green revolution.

Complete answer:
Indian dwarf wheat was one of the major winter crops in Northern India and parts of Pakistan. With the arrival of the Green revolution in the early twentieth century, the cultivation of Indian dwarf wheat was reduced significantly. It disappeared due to the introduction of modern wheat varieties. Now it is grown in very limited areas of India. These are short in length and have compact heads. Shorter grains are their characteristic properties. They have a total of 42 chromosomes.
Triticum aestivum is called the Mexican dwarf wheat and is grown in almost all the wheat-growing regions. In India, $87%$ of the wheat-growing land is covered by this.
Triticum sphaerococcum or Mihi is the Indian dwarf wheat. It is grown very sparsely now in just a few areas of Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh.
Triticum dicoccum or Emmer wheat is generally grown in Southern India. It is a preferable crop for regions of Maharashtra and Tamil Nadu. It has 28 chromosomes, as it is a tetraploid means they have four sets of chromosomes.
Triticum turgidum is also called Durum wheat or pasta wheat. After common wheat, it is the second most grown wheat species. It is also a tetraploid and has a total of 28 chromosomes.

Note: Wheat is a largely grown crop that is required for its seeds that are used as a staple diet source. Wheat is grass basically and all the wheat species are included in the genus Triticum.