Question

Which of the following is a tertiary alkyl halide?
(a) ${{(CH)}_{3}}CHCl$
(b) $CHC{{l}_{3}}$
(c) ${{(CH)}_{3}}CCl$
(d) $C{{H}_{3}}Cl$

Answer 1

Hint: Haloalkane contains the halo group and the alkane and tertiary haloalkane is that in which the carbon atom bonded to the halo group contains the three-alkyl group. Now identify it.

Complete answer:
Alkanes are the simplest hydrocarbon in which the carbon atoms are connected to each other through the C-C single bond and there is no double in between them, thus, also called as the saturated hydrocarbon. Their general chemical formula is ${{C}_{n}}{{H}_{2n}}$, here n is the number of the carbon atoms present in the molecule. Examples are methane (consisting of one carbon atom), ethane( consisting of two carbon atoms) ,propane (consisting of three carbon atoms) and so on.
When halo group i.e. Cl, F, Br etc. is attached to the alkanes, then the alkanes are known as the haloalkanes or alkyl halide.
Depending on the number on the alkyl group (R-C) , attached to the carbon, the haloalkanes can be classified into the following three categories:
1. Primary haloalkanes: In this, one alkyl group is attached to the carbon atom bonded to the -Cl group.
2. Secondary haloalkanes: In this, two alkyl groups are attached to the carbon atom bonded to the -Cl group.
3. Tertiary haloalkanes: In this, three alkyl groups are attached to the carbon atom bonded to the -Cl group.
So, from the above statement, we can see that only in ${{(CH)}_{3}}CCl$, the carbon atom bonded to -Cl group is attached to the three alkyl groups and is thus, a tertiary haloalkane or tertiary alkyl halide.

Hence, option (c) is correct.

Note: Haloalkanes are generally colorless and are sweet smelling liquids. On the other hand, bromides and iodides develop colour when exposed to light. Lower haloalkanes are gases whereas the higher haloalkanes are liquids or solids.