Question

Which of the following is a dominant character according to Mendel?
A. Dwarf plant and yellow fruit
B. Terminal fruit and wrinkled seed
C. White testa and yellow pericarp
D. Green colored pod and rounded seed

Answer 1

Hint:Gregor Mendel, with his work on pea plants, searched out the basic laws of inheritance. The genes come in pairs, one from each parent, and are inherited as separate units. In the offspring, Mendel tracked parental gene division and their appearance as dominant or recessive traits.

Complete answer:
The definition of dominant inheritance identified by Mendel notes that the dominant allele will cause the recessive allele to be masked in a heterozygote, that is, not expressed in the phenotype. The recessive phenotype will be expressed only if a person is homozygous with respect to the recessive allele. Seven characteristics of pea plants were used by Mendel: plant height, pod shape, and color, seed shape, and color, flower position, and color. Taking seed color as an example, Mendel revealed that their offspring always developed yellow seeds when a true-breeding yellow pea and a true-breeding green pea were crossbred. Mendel crossed pure pea plant lines. In the first-generation hybrids (F1), dominant traits, such as purple flower color, emerged, while recessive traits, such as white flower color, were masked. In second-generation (F2) pea plants. Thousands of cross-breeding studies were conducted by Mendel. His main result was that F2 pea plants had three times as many dominant characteristics as recessive ones (3:1 ratio). Therefore, according to the Mendel experiment green colored pod and rounded seed is a dominant character.

So, option D) is the correct option.

Note: Mendel concluded three laws on the basis of his experiments. The inheritance of each trait is determined by certain factors now known as genes, that are unchanged and passed onto future generations. In a person or a progeny, these characteristics may not be seen, but can still be passed on to the next generation.